José Luis Garci
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José Luis Garci | |
---|---|
Born | José Luis García Muñoz 20 January 1944 Madrid, Spain |
Occupation | Filmmaker |
Years active | 1977–present |
José Luis García Muñoz (born 20 January 1944), known professionally as José Luis Garci, is a Spanish film director, producer, critic, TV presenter, screenwriter and author. One of the most influential film personalities in the history of film in Spain, he earned worldwide acclaim and his country's first Best Foreign Language Film Academy Award for Begin the Beguine (1982).[1] Four of his films, including also Sesión continua (1984), Asignatura aprobada (1987) and El abuelo (1998), have been nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, more than any other Spanish director.[2] His films are characterized for his classical style and the underlying sentimentality of their plots.[3] Currently, he is a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in Hollywood.[4]
Early life and work
[edit]Born in 1944 in a humble family from Asturias. After completing a pre-university course, Garci began working as an administrative assistant in a bank. His love for cinema from an early age led him to pursue filmmaking as a career. At age twenty he began writing reviews for a number of film magazines such as: Signos, Cinestudio, Aun and Resena, winning an award in 1968 from the Circulo de Escritores Cinematograficos for his work as film critic.
At the same time, he wrote his first literary works, science fiction stories like: Bibidibabibidibú (1970), Adam Blake (1972), and La Gioconda está triste y otras extrañas historias (1976). He also published the essay: Ray Bradbury humanista del futuro (1971).[5]
In 1969 he became involved in scriptwriting, receiving his first screen credits for Antonio Giménez Rico The Cronicón (The Chronicle) (1970).
Between 1972 and 1977 he scripted five more films: León Klimovsky La casa de las chivas (The House of the goats); Pedro Olea No es bueno que el hombre esté solo (1972), (A Man Shouldn't be Alone); Eloy de la Iglesia Una gota de sangre para morir amando, (1973) (A drop of blood to die loving); Antonio Drove Mi mujer es muy decente dentro de lo que cabe (1974) o Roberto Bodegas Vida conyugal sana (1973)(Healthy Married Life) and Los nuevos españoles (1974)(New Spaniards). During this same period, Garci also wrote the made for T.V film La Cabina (1972) (The Telephone Box) directed by Antonio Mercero. He then directed his first short films: !Al Futbol! (!To Football!) Mi Marilyn, (My Marilyn) (both 1975) and Tiempo de gente acobardada (People Cowed Time) (1976).
Feature films
[edit]In 1977, José Luis Garci directed his first feature film Asignatura pendiente (Unfinished Business) from a script by Gonzalez Sinde, a love story between an old pair of lovers which runs parallel to the social and political changes lived in Spain after the fall of Francisco Franco's regime. The film was well received by critics and audiences, becoming the most successful representative of the Spanish film of the generation of the Transition from dictatorship to democracy who saw themselves in a social and political limbo. A simple story of an amorous seduction by the film's hero is set around a series of topical references to a generation of Spaniards born in the immediate post-civil war period whose frustrations and nostalgia are embodied in the film's protagonist. Garci took his narrative cues from the visual patterns followed in the traditional Hollywood narrative.[6][7]
Garci second film Solos en la madrugada (Alone in the Dark) (1978)[8] became skilled tackling progressive social themes intended for an audience interested neither in elite art cinema nor in the popular style of most Spanish comedies. He used this same pattern in his third film, Las verdes praderas (The Green Meadows) (1979),[9] in which heavy sentimentality, a constant in his films, became more apparent.
The director changed gears with El Crack (1981),[10][11] in which he used the figure of the hard boiled detective in a story inspired by the novels of Dashiell Hammett, to whom the film is dedicated, and employing elements of the American film noirs of the 1930s and 40s giving it a Spanish flavor. For this film Garci won the CEC Award for Best Screenplay awarded by the Círculo de Escritores Cinematográficos.[12] The formula worked so well that two years later he made a sequel, El crack II (1983).
Between this two films, Garci made his most emblematic work Volver a empezar, (Begin to Beguine) (1982), a sentimental story of an aging writer who returns to Spain after many years in exiled following the civil war. The film was the first Spanish motion picture to win the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.[13][14]
Sesión continua (Double Feature), (1984), which also received an Academy Award nomination,[15] as well as Asignatura aprobada (Course Completed, 1987),[16] gave emphasis to sentimentality. Asigantura aprobada earned him the Goya Award for Best Director in 1988.[17] In the 1990s he released Canción de cuna (Cradle Song, 1994), a film adaptation of the sentimental Gregorio Martinez Sierra play. Garci's subsequently films include La herida luminosa (The Wound of Light, 1997), and El abuelo (The Grandfather, 1998), which was Spain's submission for the Best Foreign Film category of the Academy Awards in 1999, getting the final nomination.[18]
Recently, Garci directed Una historia de entonces (You're the One, 2000), which was entered at the 51st Berlin International Film Festival,[19] Historia de un beso (Story of a Kiss, 2002), Tiovivo c. 1950 (2004), Ninette (2005), Luz de domingo (2007), Sangre de mayo (2008), Holmes & Watson. Madrid Days (2012), and the prequel El crack cero (2019), third part of the crime film saga El crack.[20] In addition to filmmaking, he is a popular television presenter in his homeland. His television program ¡Qué grande es el cine! , which was broadcast on Televisión Española between 1995 and 2005 on the occasion of the first centenary of the history of cinema, presented a feature film weekly and was attended by three experts, who debated after the screening of the chosen film.[21]
Filmography
[edit]Film
[edit]Year | Title | Director | Writer | Producer | Editor | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1977 | Asignatura Pendiente | Yes | Yes | No | No | |
1978 | Alone in the Dark | Yes | Yes | No | No | |
1979 | Las verdes praderas | Yes | Yes | No | No | |
1980 | Viva la Clase Media | No | Yes | Yes | No | |
1981 | El Crack | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | |
1982 | Volver a Empezar | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Academy Award Best Foreign Language Film winner, 1982 |
1983 | El Crack II | Yes | Yes | No | No | |
1985 | Bras Fe Fer | No | No | Executive | Yes | |
1984 | Sesión continua | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Academy Award Best Foreign Language Film nominee |
1987 | Asignatura Aprobada | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Academy Award Best Foreign Language Film nominee |
1988 | El Tesoro | No | Yes | Executive | No | |
1994 | Canción de cuna | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
1997 | La herida luminosa | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | |
1998 | El Abuelo | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Academy Award Best Foreign Language Film nominee |
2000 | Una historia de entonces | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | European Film Academy Best European Director nominee |
2002 | Historia de un beso | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
2003 | Hotel Danubio | No | No | Yes | Yes | |
2004 | Tiovivo c. 1950 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
2005 | Ninette | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | |
2007 | Luz de Domingo | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
2008 | Sangre de Mayo | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
2012 | Holmes & Watson. Madrid Days | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
2019 | El Crack Cero | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Writer only
[edit]Year | Title | Notes |
---|---|---|
1966 | Las últimas horas | Uncredited |
1967 | Los chicos de Peru | |
1969 | Las nenas del mini-mini | Uncredited |
1970 | El Cronicón | |
1972 | La casa de las chivas | |
1973 | No es bueno que el hombre esté solo | |
Una gota de sangre para morir amando | ||
Ceremonia sangrienta | Uncredited | |
1974 | Vida conyugal sana | |
Los nuevos españoles | ||
1975 | Mi mujer es muy decente, dentro de lo que cabe | |
La mujer es cosa de hombres | ||
1976 | La noche de los cien pajaros | |
1998 | Yerma |
Producer only
[edit]Year | Title | Notes |
---|---|---|
1985 | Extramuros | |
1986 | La gran comedia | |
1987 | ¡Biba la banda! | |
1989 | El río que nos lleva | Executive producer |
1992 | Las cadenas del deseo | |
1995 | Elisa, de Jean Backer | |
1997 | La furia | Associate producer |
Momentos robados | ||
1999 | La venganza | Associate producer |
Un homo perbene | ||
Shacky Carmine | ||
2000 | Cóndor cux | |
Yoyes | Executive producer | |
Érase otra vez | ||
Leo | ||
2002 | Nowhere | |
2003 | La gran aventura de Mortadelo y Filemón | Uncredited |
Sources
[edit]- Moret, Andrés, Una vida de repuesto. El cine de José Luis Garci, Hatari Books, Sociedad Limitada, 2022; ISBN 978-84-94788-55-0
- Emotion pictures. El cine de José Luis Garci, foreword by José Luis Garci, Notorious Ediciones, Madrid, 2018; ISBN 978-84-15606-62-8
- Benavent, Francisco María, Cine Español de los Noventa, ediciones Mensajero, 2000; ISBN 84-271-2326-4
- D'Lugo, Marvin: Guide to the Cinema of Spain, Greenwood Press, 1997; ISBN 0-313-29474-7
- Stone, Rob, Spanish Cinema, Pearson Education, 2002; ISBN 0-582-43715-6
- Torres, Augusto, Diccionario del cine Español, Espasa Calpe, 1994; ISBN 84-239-9203-9
References
[edit]- ^ "José Luis Garci". International Film Festival Rotterdam. Retrieved 2024-11-09.
- ^ Claudia Santana. "Las 8 películas españolas más destacadas de los Oscars". The Showroom Mag. Retrieved 2024-11-06.
- ^ Valeriano Durán Manso. "Nostalgia y melodrama en el cine de José Luis Garci (1982-1996)". Revista de comunicación audiovisual y publicitaria. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Retrieved 2024-11-06.
- ^ "José Luis Garci. Producer, film critic and film director". Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona. Retrieved 2024-11-09.
- ^ "José Luis Garci (España)". La Tercera Fundación. Retrieved 2024-11-06.
- ^ Faulkner, Sally (2013-04-11). A History of Spanish Film: Cinema and Society 1910-2010. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN 9781623567422.
- ^ "Pix Rang Up $210-Mil At Spain's Boxoffice in 1977". Variety. November 8, 1978. p. 29.
- ^ "Solos en la madrugada". City of Madrid Film Office (in Spanish). Retrieved 2021-05-24.
- ^ 40 años de Las verdes praderas (1979), de José Luis Garci. FilaSiete 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2024
- ^ "23 Breathtaking Spanish Thriller Movies You Must Watch Now!". April 17, 2023.
- ^ "El Crack (1981)" – via www.blu-ray.com.
- ^ "Premios CEC a la producción española de 1981". Círculo de Escritores Cinematográficos. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
- ^ "The 55th Academy Awards (1983) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 2013-10-13.
- ^ Robert Dickinson (1991). Garci's Trilogy of Melancholy and the Foreign Language Oscar (PDF). University of Southern California.
- ^ "The 57th Academy Awards (1985) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 2024-11-09.
- ^ "The 60th Academy Awards (1988) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 2024-11-09.
- ^ "Asignatura aprobada". Premios Goya. Academia de las Artes y las Ciencias Cinematográficas de España. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
- ^ "The 71st Academy Awards (1999) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 2024-11-09.
- ^ You're The One (Una historia de entonces). Berlinale Competition 2001. Retrieved 9 November 2024
- ^ Mikel Zorrilla - Espinof. "'El crack cero': una estimable precuela donde José Luis Garci rinde homenaje al cine negro y el Madrid de los 70". Retrieved 17 December 2021.
- ^ "¡Qué grande es el cine!". RTVE. 18 January 2018. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
External links
[edit]- 1944 births
- Living people
- Spanish film producers
- Spanish male film actors
- Spanish television presenters
- Film producers from Madrid
- Film directors from Madrid
- Male actors from Madrid
- Best Director Goya Award winners
- Directors of Best Foreign Language Film Academy Award winners
- 20th-century Spanish screenwriters
- 20th-century Spanish male writers
- 21st-century Spanish screenwriters
- Spanish film directors
- Writers of Sherlock Holmes pastiches